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281
GATE2020: 39
Which of the following strategies are used by cells for metabolic regulation? Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation Allostery Feedback inhibition $P$ and $Q$ only $P$ and $R$ only $Q$ and $R$ only $P, Q$ and $R$
Which of the following strategies are used by cells for metabolic regulation?Phosphorylation-dephosphorylationAllosteryFeedback inhibition$P$ and $Q$ only$P$ and $R$ only...
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GATE2020: 40
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$]. Assertion [$a$]: A zygote and its immediate descendant cells are unspecialized and are called totipotent Reason [$r$]: Totipotent cells retain the capacity to differentiate into only a few cell types ... $r$] are true and [$r$] is the correct reason for [$a$] [$a$] is true but [$r$] is false
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$].Assertion [$a$]: A zygote and its immediate descendant cells are unspecialize...
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GATE2020: 41
Which of the following statements about gene therapy are CORRECT? Affected individuals, but not their progeny, can be cured through germline gene therapy Affected individuals, as well as their progeny, can be cured through germline gene therapy Affected individuals, but not their progeny, can be cured ... therapy $P$ and $R$ only $P$ and $S$ only $Q$ and $R$ only $Q$ and $S$ only
Which of the following statements about gene therapy are CORRECT?Affected individuals, but not their progeny, can be cured through germline gene therapyAffected individua...
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GATE2020: 42
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$]. Assertion [$a$]: A genetically engineered rice that produces beta-carotene in the rice grain is called Golden rice Reason [$r$ ... [$r$] are true and [$r$] is the correct reason for [$a$] [$a$] is true but [$r$] is false
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$].Assertion [$a$]: A genetically engineered rice that produces beta-carotene in...
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GATE2020: 43
The sequence of a $1$ $Mb$ long $DNA$ is random. This $DNA$ has all four bases occurring in equal proportion. The number of nucleotides, on average, between two successive $EcoRI$ recognition site $GAATTC$ is ____________.
The sequence of a $1$ $Mb$ long $DNA$ is random. This $DNA$ has all four bases occurring in equal proportion. The number of nucleotides, on average, between two successiv...
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GATE2020: 44
$E$ coli was grown in $^{15}N$ medium for several generations. Cells were then transferred to $^{14}N$ medium, allowed to grow for $4$ generations and $DNA$ was isolated immediately. The proportion of total $DNA$ with intermediate density is ___________ (round off to $2$ decimal places).
$E$ coli was grown in $^{15}N$ medium for several generations. Cells were then transferred to $^{14}N$ medium, allowed to grow for $4$ generations and $DNA$ was isolated ...
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GATE2020: 45
A batch reactor is inoculated with $1 \:g/L$ biomass. Under these conditions, cells exhibit a lag phase of $30$ min. If the specific growth rate in the log phase is $0.00417\;min^{-1}$, the time taken for the biomass to increase to $8 \:g/L$ is ________________ min (round off to $2$ decimal places).
A batch reactor is inoculated with $1 \:g/L$ biomass. Under these conditions, cells exhibit a lag phase of $30$ min. If the specific growth rate in the log phase is $0.00...
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GATE2020: 47
The amino acid sequence of a peptide is $Phe-Leu-lle-Met-Ser-Leu$. The number of codons that encode the amino acids present in this peptide is given below: Phe: $2$ codons Leu: $6$ codons Ile: $3$ codons Met: $1$ codon Ser: $4$ codons The number of unique $DNA$ sequences that can encode this peptide is ___________.
The amino acid sequence of a peptide is $Phe-Leu-lle-Met-Ser-Leu$. The number of codons that encode the amino acids present in this peptide is given below:Phe: $2$ codons...
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GATE2020: 48
Assume that a cell culture was started with five human fibroblast cells. Two cells did not divide even once whereas the other three cells completed three rounds of cell division. At this stage, the total number of kinetochores in all the cells put together is ___________________.
Assume that a cell culture was started with five human fibroblast cells. Two cells did not divide even once whereas the other three cells completed three rounds of cell d...
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GATE2020: 49
Growth of an organism on glucose in a chemostat is characterized by Monod model with specific growth rate = $0.45 \:h^{-1}$ and $K_{s}= 0.5 \:g/L$. Biomass from the substrate is generated as $Y_{XS}=0.4 \:g/g$. The chemostat volume is $0.9\:L$ ... at $1\:L/h$ and contains $20 \:g/L$ of glucose. At steady state, the concentration of biomass in the chemostat is _________________ $g/L$.
Growth of an organism on glucose in a chemostat is characterized by Monod model with specific growth rate = $0.45 \:h^{-1}$ and $K_{s}= 0.5 \:g/L$. Biomass from the subst...
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GATE2020: 52
Protein $A$ and protein $B$ form a covalent complex. Gel filtration chromatography of this complex showed a peak corresponding to $200 \:kDa$. $SDS-PAGE$ analysis of this complex, with and without beta-mercaptoethanol, showed a single band corresponding to molecular ... the molecular weight of protein $A$ is $25 \:kDa$, the molecular weight of protein $B$ is ________________ $kDa$.
Protein $A$ and protein $B$ form a covalent complex. Gel filtration chromatography of this complex showed a peak corresponding to $200 \:kDa$. $SDS-PAGE$ analysis of this...
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GATE2020: 53
The concentrations of $ATP$, $ADP$ and inorganic phosphate in a cell are $2.59, \:0.73$ and $2.72 \:mM$, respectively. Under these conditions, free energy change for the synthesis of $ATP$ at $37^{\circ}C$ is $kJ$/mol (round off to $2$ decimal places). Given: free energy change for $ATP$ hydrolysis under standard conditions is $-30.5$ $kJ$/mol and $R=8.315$ $kJ/mol.K$
The concentrations of $ATP$, $ADP$ and inorganic phosphate in a cell are $2.59, \:0.73$ and $2.72 \:mM$, respectively. Under these conditions, free energy change for the ...
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GATE2020: 54
An algorithm was designed to find globins in protein sequence databases. A database which has $78$ globin sequences was searched using this algorithm. The algorithm retrieved $72$ sequences of which only $65$ were globins. The sensitivity of this algorithm is ___________ $\%$ (round off to $2$ decimal places).
An algorithm was designed to find globins in protein sequence databases. A database which has $78$ globin sequences was searched using this algorithm. The algorithm retri...
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GATE2020: 55
The mitochondrial electron transfer chain oxidizes $NADH$ with oxygen being the terminal electron acceptor. The redox potentials for the two half-reactions are given below: $NAD^{+}+H^{+}+2e^{-}\rightarrow NADH,E^{0}{}'=-0.32V$ ... electrons from $NADH$ to $O_{2}$ is _________________ $kJ/mol$ (round off to $2$ decimal places). Given: $F=96500\:C$/mol.
The mitochondrial electron transfer chain oxidizes $NADH$ with oxygen being the terminal electron acceptor. The redox potentials for the two half-reactions are given belo...
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GATE2020: 1
Protein $P$ becomes functional upon phosphorylation of a serine residue. Replacing this serine with _____________ will result in a phosphomimic mutant of $P$. alanine aspartic acid phenylalanine lysine
Protein $P$ becomes functional upon phosphorylation of a serine residue. Replacing this serine with _____________ will result in a phosphomimic mutant of $P$.alanineaspar...
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GATE2020: 2
Ras protein is a trimeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleus monomeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleus trimeric GTPase involved in regulation of cytoskeleton monomeric GTPase involved in regulation of cytoskeleton
Ras protein is atrimeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleusmonomeric GTPase involved in relaying signal from cell surface to nucleustrimeric ...
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GATE2020: 3
Which of the following statements are $CORRECT$? Viruses can play a role in causing human cancer. A tumor suppressor gene can be turned off without any change in its $DNA$ sequence. Alteration in $miRNA$ expression levels contributes to the development of cancer. $P$ and $Q$ only $Q$ and $R$ only $P$ and $R$ only $P$, $Q$ and $R$
Which of the following statements are $CORRECT$? Viruses can play a role in causing human cancer.A tumor suppressor gene can be turned off without any change in its $DNA$...
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GATE2020: 4
Which class of antibody is first made by developing $B$ cells inside bone marrow? $IgG$ $IgE$ $IgA$ $IgM$
Which class of antibody is first made by developing $B$ cells inside bone marrow?$IgG$$IgE$$IgA$$IgM$
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GATE2020: 5
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$] regarding mammalian cells. Assertion [$a$]: Cells use $Ca^{2+}$, and not $Na^{+}$, for cell-to-cell signaling Reason [$r$]: $n$ the cytosol, concentration of $Na^{+}$ is lower than that ... ] is not the correct reason for [$a$]. Both [$a$] and [$r$] are false. [$a$] is true but [$r$] is false.
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$] regarding mammalian cells.Assertion [$a$]: Cells use $Ca^{2+}$, and not $Na^{...
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GATE2020: 6
Vincristine and vinblastine, two commercially important secondary metabolites from $Catharanthus\; roseus$, are examples of alkaloids flavonoids terpenoids steroids
Vincristine and vinblastine, two commercially important secondary metabolites from $Catharanthus\; roseus$, are examples ofalkaloidsflavonoidsterpenoidssteroids
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GATE2020: 7
$DNA$ synthesized from an $RNA$ template is called recombinant $DNA$ transcript $T-DNA$ complementary $DNA$
$DNA$ synthesized from an $RNA$ template is calledrecombinant $DNA$transcript$T-DNA$complementary $DNA$
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GATE2020: 8
Two monomeric His-tagged proteins of identical molecular weight are present in a solution. pIs of these two proteins are $5.6$ and $6.8$. Which one of the following techniques can be used to separate them? Denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Size-exclusion chromatography Ion-exchange chromatography Nickel affinity chromatography
Two monomeric His-tagged proteins of identical molecular weight are present in a solution. pIs of these two proteins are $5.6$ and $6.8$. Which one of the following techn...
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GATE2020: 9
During a positive-negative selection process, transformed animal cells expressing __________________ are killed in presence of ganciclovir in the medium. Pyruvate kinase viral thymidine kinase viral serine/threonine kinase viral tyrosine kinase
During a positive-negative selection process, transformed animal cells expressing __________________ are killed in presence of ganciclovir in the medium.Pyruvate kinasevi...
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GATE2020: 10
A vector derived from which one of the following viruses is used for high - frequency genomic integration of a transgene in animal cells? Adenoviru Adeno-associated virus Lentivirus Herpes simplex virus
A vector derived from which one of the following viruses is used for high - frequency genomic integration of a transgene in animal cells?AdenoviruAdeno-associated virusLe...
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GATE2020: 11
Which one of the following statements about $Agrobacterium \;Ti\; plasmid$ is $CORRECT$? $Vir$ genes are located within the $T-DNA$ segment Phytohormone biosynthesis genes are located outside the $T-DNA$ segment Opine catabolism genes are located within the $T-DNA$ segment Opine biosynthesis genes are located within the $T-DNA$ segment
Which one of the following statements about $Agrobacterium \;Ti\; plasmid$ is $CORRECT$?$Vir$ genes are located within the $T-DNA$ segmentPhytohormone biosynthesis genes ...
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GATE2020: 12
Which of the following types of molecules act as biological catalysts? Protein $RNA$ Phospholipid $P$ and $Q$ only $P$ and $R$ only $Q$ and $R$ only $P, Q$ and $R$
Which of the following types of molecules act as biological catalysts?Protein$RNA$Phospholipid$P$ and $Q$ only$P$ and $R$ only $Q$ and $R$ only$P, Q$ and $R$
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GATE2020: 13
Which one of the following media components is used to maintain $pH$ in mammalian cell culture? $CaCl_{2}$ $MgSO_{4}$ $NaCl$ $NaHCO_{3}$
Which one of the following media components is used to maintain $pH$ in mammalian cell culture?$CaCl_{2}$$MgSO_{4}$$NaCl$$NaHCO_{3}$
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GATE2020: 14
Which of the following are energy transducing membranes? Plasma membrane of bacteria Inner membrane of chloroplasts Inner membrane of mitochondria $P$ and $Q$ only $P$ and $R$ only $Q$ and $R$ only $P, Q$ and $R$
Which of the following are energy transducing membranes?Plasma membrane of bacteriaInner membrane of chloroplastsInner membrane of mitochondria$P$ and $Q$ only$P$ and $R$...
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GATE2020: 15
Amino acid sequences of cytochrome $c$ and ribulose $5$-phosphate epimerase from $40$ organisms were chosen and phylogenetic trees were obtained for each of these two protein families. Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion [$a$] and the Reason [$r$]. Assertion [$a$] ... correct reason for [$a$] Both [$a$] and [$r$] are false [$a$] is false but [$r$] is true.
Amino acid sequences of cytochrome $c$ and ribulose $5$-phosphate epimerase from $40$ organisms were chosen and phylogenetic trees were obtained for each of these two pro...
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GATE2020: 16
A microorganism isolated from a salt-rich (salt concentration $\sim2$ $M$) lake was found to possess diglycerol tetraethers, with polyisoprenoid alcohol side chains, as the major lipid component of its cell membrane. The isolated organism is a planctomycete a cyanobacteria a unicellular amoeba an archaea
A microorganism isolated from a salt-rich (salt concentration $\sim2$ $M$) lake was found to possess diglycerol tetraethers, with polyisoprenoid alcohol side chains, as t...
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GATE2020: 18
Given that $Z=X^{2}+Y^{2}$, the value of $\dfrac{\partial Z}{\partial X}$ for $X=1$ and $Y=0$ is ________________ (answer is an integer).
Given that $Z=X^{2}+Y^{2}$, the value of $\dfrac{\partial Z}{\partial X}$ for $X=1$ and $Y=0$ is ________________ (answer is an integer).
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GATE2020: 19
The elemental composition of dry biomass of a yeast species is $CH_{1.6}O_{0.4}N_{0.2}S_{0.0024}P_{0.017}$. The contribution of carbon to the dry biomass is _________ $\%$ (round off to $2$ decimal places). [Given: atomic weights of $H,\:C,\:N,\:O,\:P$ and $S$ are $1,\:12,\:14,\:16,\:31$ and $32$, respectively]
The elemental composition of dry biomass of a yeast species is $CH_{1.6}O_{0.4}N_{0.2}S_{0.0024}P_{0.017}$. The contribution of carbon to the dry biomass is _________ $\%...
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GATE2020: 20
Solvents $A$ and $B$ are completely immiscible. Solute $S$ is soluble in both these solvents. $100\: g$ of $S$ was added to a container which has $2\: kg$ each of $A$ and $B$. The solute is $1.5$ times more soluble in ... thoroughly and allowed to reach equilibrium. Assuming that the solute has completely dissolved, the amount of solute in solvent $A$ phase is _____________ $g$.
Solvents $A$ and $B$ are completely immiscible. Solute $S$ is soluble in both these solvents. $100\: g$ of $S$ was added to a container which has $2\: kg$ each of $A$ and...
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GATE2019: 1
The Bt toxin gene from $Bacillus\; thuringiensis$ used to generate genetically modified crops is $cry$ $cro$ $cdc$ $cre$
The Bt toxin gene from $Bacillus\; thuringiensis$ used to generate genetically modified crops is$cry$$cro$$cdc$$cre$
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GATE2019: 2
Which one of the following is used as a $pH$ indicator in animal cell culture medium ? Acridine orange Phenol red Bromophenol blue Coomassie blue
Which one of the following is used as a $pH$ indicator in animal cell culture medium ?Acridine orange Phenol redBromophenol blueCoomassie blue
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GATE2019: 3
Tetracycline inhibits the interaction between $tRNA$ and $mRNA$ translocation of $mRNA$ through ribosome peptidyl transferase activity binding of amino-acyl $tRNA$ to ribosome
Tetracycline inhibits theinteraction between $tRNA$ and $mRNA$translocation of $mRNA$ through ribosomepeptidyl transferase activitybinding of amino-acyl $tRNA$ to ribosom...
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GATE2019: 4
Which one of the following is a database of protein sequence motifs? $PROSITE$ $TrEMBL$ $SWISSPROT$ $PDB$
Which one of the following is a database of protein sequence motifs?$PROSITE$$TrEMBL$$SWISSPROT$$PDB$
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GATE2019: 5
Which one of the following enzymes is encoded by human immunodeficiency virus $(HIV)$ genome? Reverse transcriptase Phospholipase Phosphatase $ATP$ synthase
Which one of the following enzymes is encoded by human immunodeficiency virus $(HIV)$ genome?Reverse transcriptasePhospholipasePhosphatase$ATP$ synthase
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GATE2019: 6
$DNA$ synthesis in eukaryotes occurs during which phase of the mitotic cell cycle? $M$ $G_{1}$ $S$ $G_{10}$
$DNA$ synthesis in eukaryotes occurs during which phase of the mitotic cell cycle?$M$$G_{1}$$S$$G_{10}$
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GATE2019: 7
Match the human diseases in $Group\; I$ with the causative agents in $Group\; II$ ... $P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4$ $P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2$ $P-4, Q-3, R-1,S-2$
Match the human diseases in $Group\; I$ with the causative agents in $Group\; II$.$$\begin{array}&&\textbf{Group I} & \textbf{Group II} \\ &\text{P. Amoebiasis} & \text{...
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