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481
GATE2014-11
Since mammalian cells are sensitive to shear, scale-up of a mammalian cell process must consider, among other parameters, the following $\text{(given N=rotations/time, D=diameter of impeller)}$ $\pi ND$ $\pi N^2D$ $\pi ND^2$ none of these
Since mammalian cells are sensitive to shear, scale-up of a mammalian cell process must consider, among other parameters, the following $\text{(given N=rotations/time, D=...
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482
GATE2014-14
A bacterium belonging to cocci group has a diameter of $2\:\mu m.$ The numerical value of the ratio of its surface area to volume (in $\mu m^{-1}$) is _______.
A bacterium belonging to cocci group has a diameter of $2\:\mu m.$ The numerical value of the ratio of its surface area to volume (in $\mu m^{-1}$) is _______.
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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483
GATE2014-22
The algorithm for BLAST is based on Dynamic Programming Hidden Markov Model k-tuple analysis Neural Network
The algorithm for BLAST is based onDynamic ProgrammingHidden Markov Modelk-tuple analysisNeural Network
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gate2014
models
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484
GATE2014-23
The statistical frequency of the occurrence of a particular restriction enzyme cleavage site that is $6$ bases long can be estimated to be once every $24$ bases once every $256$ bases once every $1024$bases once every $4096$ bases
The statistical frequency of the occurrence of a particular restriction enzyme cleavage site that is $6$ bases long can be estimated to beonce every $24$ basesonce every ...
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gate2014
numerical-estimation
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485
GATE2014-25
The growth medium for mammalian cells contains serum. One of the major functions of serum is to stimulate cell growth and attachment. However, it must be filter sterilized to remove large proteins remove collagen only remove mycoplasma and microorganisms remove foaming agents
The growth medium for mammalian cells contains serum. One of the major functions of serum is to stimulate cell growth and attachment. However, it must be filter sterilize...
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486
GATE2014-26
The concentration profile of a chemical at a location $x$ and time $t$, denoted by $c(x,t)$, changes as per the following equation, $c(x,t)=\frac{c_0}{\sqrt{2\pi Dt}}\exp[-\frac{x^2}{2Dt}]$ where $D$ and $c_0$ are assumed to be constant. Which of the following is ... $\frac{\partial^2 c}{\partial t^2}=\frac{D}{2}\frac{\partial^2 c}{\partial x^2}$
The concentration profile of a chemical at a location $x$ and time $t$, denoted by $c(x,t)$, changes as per the following equation,$$c(x,t)=\frac{c_0}{\sqrt{2\pi Dt}}\exp...
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487
GATE2014-30
A T- ask is seeded with $10^5$ anchorage-dependent cells. The available area of the T- ask is $25\: cm^2$ and the volume of the medium is $25\: ml$. Assume that the cells are rectangles of size $5\: \mu m \times 2\: \mu m$. If the cells grow to monolayer confluence after $50\: h$, the growth rate in number of $cells/(cm^2 .h)$ is _________$ \times10^5$
A T- ask is seeded with $10^5$ anchorage-dependent cells. The available area of the T- ask is $25\: cm^2$ and the volume of the medium is $25\: ml$. Assume that the cells...
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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488
GATE2014-31
Consider a continuous culture provided with a sterile feed containing $10$ ... $\mu _m$ (in $h^{-1}$), will be _________.
Consider a continuous culture provided with a sterile feed containing $10$ mM glucose. The steady state cell density and substrate concentration at three different diluti...
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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489
GATE2014-32
Cholera toxin increases $cAMP$ levels by modifying $G_i$ protein modifying $G_s$ protein binding to adenylate cyclase activating $cAMP$ phosphodiesterase
Cholera toxin increases $cAMP$ levels bymodifying $G_i$ proteinmodifying $G_s$ proteinbinding to adenylate cyclaseactivating $cAMP$ phosphodiesterase
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490
GATE2014-33
Triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxy acetone phosphate $(DHAP)$ to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate $(G-3-P)$ in a reversible reaction. At $\text{298 K and pH 7.0,}$ the equilibrium mixture contains $\text{40 mM DHAP and 4 mM G-3-P.}$ ... -energy change in $\text{kJ/mol}$ for the formation of $\text{G-3-P [R = 8.315 J/mol.K]}$ is __________.
Triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxy acetone phosphate $(DHAP)$ to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate $(G-3-P)$ in a reversible reaction. At $\text{298 K and pH 7.0,}$ t...
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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491
GATE2014-34
The plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction digestion using the enzyme $\textit{EcoRI}$ and analysed on an agarose gel. Assuming digestion has worked (the enzyme was active), match the identity of the DNA bands shown in the image in $\text{Group I}$ with their identity in $\text{Group II}$ ... $\text{P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2}$ $\text{P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3}$
The plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction digestion using the enzyme $\textit{EcoRI}$ and analysed on an agarose gel. Assuming digestion has worked (the enzyme was act...
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492
GATE2014-35
In a relatively large but finite and closed population of sexually reproducing diploid organisms, the frequency of homozygous genotype PP changes from 0.40 to 0.50 and that of pp changes om 0.40 to 0.41 in a span of 10 generations. Which ... change in frequency of the PP genotype? Non-random mating Random genetic drift Selection Combination of non-random mating and random genetic drift
In a relatively large but finite and closed population of sexually reproducing diploid organisms, the frequency of homozygous genotype PP changes from 0.40 to 0.50 and th...
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493
GATE2014-36
Topological Winding number of a $\text{2.0 kb}$ covalently closed circular DNA was found to be $191$ with a writhing number of $-4$. Hence, its $\text{LINKING NUMBER}$ and the $\text{NUMBER OF BASE PAIR PER TURN}$ when the molecule is laid flat on the surface is _______ and _______, respectively. $\text{187, 10.69}$ $\text{195, 10.25}$ $\text{200, 10.00}$ $\text{187, 10.50}$
Topological Winding number of a $\text{2.0 kb}$ covalently closed circular DNA was found to be $191$ with a writhing number of $-4$. Hence, its $\text{LINKING NUMBER}$ an...
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494
GATE2014-37
Consider a population of $10,000$ individuals, of which $2500$ are homozygotes (PP) and $3000$ are heterozygotes (Pp) genotype. The frequency of allele p in the population is_________.
Consider a population of $10,000$ individuals, of which $2500$ are homozygotes (PP) and $3000$ are heterozygotes (Pp) genotype. The frequency of allele p in the populatio...
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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495
GATE2014-38
Match the following photoreceptors with their prosthetic groups and spectral specificity: ... $\text{P-3-a, Q-1-a, R-1-c}$ $\text{P-2-c, Q-1-c, R-1-a}$
Match the following photoreceptors with their prosthetic groups and spectral specificity:$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Photoreceptor} & \textbf{Moiety that absor...
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496
GATE2014-39
Match the following plant sources with their secondary metabolites and medical uses: ... $\text{P-1-b, Q-4-c, R-2-d, S-3-a}$
Match the following plant sources with their secondary metabolites and medical uses:$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Source plant} & \textbf{Secondary metabolites} ...
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497
GATE2014-40
The pungency of mustard seeds is primarily due to secondary metabolites such as isothiocyanate and nitrile. The pungency is usually felt only when the seeds are crushed. This is because of the coat of the intact seeds blocks the pungent ... are formed only after the reaction with atmospheric oxygen the pungent chemicals are formed only after the reaction with atmospheric carbondioxide
The pungency of mustard seeds is primarily due to secondary metabolites such as isothiocyanate and nitrile. The pungency is usually felt only when the seeds are crushed. ...
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498
GATE2014-41
In a mouse genome, the numbers of functional $V\alpha, J\alpha, V\beta, D\beta, J\beta$ gene segments are $\text{79, 38, 21, 2 and 11,}$ respectively. The total number of possible combinations for $\alpha\beta$ $T$ cell receptors are ___________$\times10^6 .$
In a mouse genome, the numbers of functional $V\alpha, J\alpha, V\beta, D\beta, J\beta$ gene segments are $\text{79, 38, 21, 2 and 11,}$ respectively. The total number of...
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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499
GATE2014-42
The percentage $\text{SIMILARITIES and IDENTITIES,}$ respectively, between the two peptide sequences given below will be ____________ $\%$ and ____________ $\%$ Peptide I : $\text{Ala-Ala-Arg-Arg-Gln-Trp-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Lys-Ile-Met-Ser-Glu}$ Peptide II: $\text{Ala-Ala-Arg-Glu-Gln-Tyr-Ile-Ser-Phe-Thr-Lys-Ile-Met-Arg-Asp}$ $80, 80$ $80, 60$ $60, 60$ $90, 60$
The percentage $\text{SIMILARITIES and IDENTITIES,}$ respectively, between the two peptide sequences given below will be ____________ $\%$ and ____________ $\%$Peptide I ...
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500
GATE2014-43
In an affine gap penalty model, if the gap opening penalty $-20$, gap extension penalty is $-4$ and gap length is $8$, the gap score is__________.
In an affine gap penalty model, if the gap opening penalty $-20$, gap extension penalty is $-4$ and gap length is $8$, the gap score is__________.
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gate2014
numerical-answers
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501
GATE2014-44
For their efficient translation, eubacterial $mRNAs$ possess a Shine-Dalgarno sequence for its recognition by an anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence $(ASD)$ in the ribosomes. The correct statement is $ASD$ is present in $\text{5S rRNA}$ $ASD$ is present in $\text{23S rRNA}$ ... $\text{23S rRNA}$ upon docking of the $50S$ subunit on the $30S$ subunit of the ribosomes
For their efficient translation, eubacterial $mRNAs$ possess a Shine-Dalgarno sequence for its recognition by an anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence $(ASD)$ in the ribosomes. Th...
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502
GATE2014-45
Match the items in $\text{Group I}$ with $\text{Group II}$ ... $\text{P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1}$ $\text{P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2}$ $\text{P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3}$
Match the items in $\text{Group I}$ with $\text{Group II}$$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline & \text{Group I} & & \text{Group II} \\ \hline P. & \text{Receptor tyrosine kin...
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503
GATE2014-46
Match the immunoglobulin class in $\text{Group I}$ with its properties in $\text{Group II}$ ... $\text{P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2}$ $\text{P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2}$
Match the immunoglobulin class in $\text{Group I}$ with its properties in $\text{Group II}$$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline & \textbf{Group I} && \textbf{Group II} \\ \hl...
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504
GATE2014-47
In a genetic cross between the genotypes $WWXX$ and $\text{wwxx}$, the following phenotypic distributions were observed among the $F_2$ progeny: $\text{WX, 562; wx, 158; WX, 38; and wX, 42}$. Likewise, a cross between $XXYY$ and $\text{xxyy}$ ... units Relative position: $\text{X-W-Y}$ Distances: $\text{X-W = 5}$ map units, $\text{W-Y = 10}$ map units
In a genetic cross between the genotypes $WWXX$ and $\text{wwxx}$, the following phenotypic distributions were observed among the $F_2$ progeny: $\text{WX, 562; wx, 158; ...
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505
GATE2014-48
The length of the minimum unique stretch of DNA sequence that can be found only once in a $3$ billion base pairs long genome is $14$ $15$ $16$ $18$
The length of the minimum unique stretch of DNA sequence that can be found only once in a $3$ billion base pairs long genome is$14$$15$$16$$18$
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506
GATE2014-49
Lysine is being produced in a lab-scale reactor by a threonine auxotroph. After 2 weeks of operation it was observed that the concentration of lysine in the reactor was gradually decreasing.Microbiological assays of reactor samples showed ... lysine concentration may be attributed to accumulation of ethanol growth of revertants production of citric acid unutilized phosphoenol pyruvate
Lysine is being produced in a lab-scale reactor by a threonine auxotroph. After 2 weeks of operation it was observed that the concentration of lysine in the reactor was g...
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507
GATE2014-50
If a plant is shifted to cold temperature, which of the following changes would take place in its membrane? Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would increase Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would decrease Absolute amount of both fatty acids would increase keeping the ratio same Absolute amount of both fatty acids would remain unchanged
If a plant is shifted to cold temperature, which of the following changes would take place in its membrane?Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would increaseRat...
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508
GATE2014-51
If protoplasts are placed in distilled water, they swell and burst as a result of endosmosis. The plot representing the kinetics of burst is
If protoplasts are placed in distilled water, they swell and burst as a result of endosmosis.The plot representing the kinetics of burst is
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509
GATE2014-52
Which of the following statements with respect to the orientation of the nitrogenous bases to the pentose sugars, and the puckering of the sugar, is correct? Anti, and 2’-endo in A form DNA Anti, and 2’-endo in B form DNA Syn, and 3’-endo in A form DNA Syn, and 3’-endo in B form DNA
Which of the following statements with respect to the orientation of the nitrogenous bases to the pentose sugars, and the puckering of the sugar, is correct?Anti, and 2�...
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510
GATE2014-53
A dioecious plant has $XX$ sexual genotype for female and $XY$ for male. After double fertilization, what would be the genotype of the embryos and endosperms? $100\%$ ovules will have $XXX$ endosperm and $XX$ embryo $100\%$ ovules will have $XXY$ endosperm and $XY$ ... $XXX$ endosperm and $XX$ embryo, while the other $50\%$ will have $XXY$ endosperm and $XY$ embryo
A dioecious plant has $XX$ sexual genotype for female and $XY$ for male. After double fertilization, what would be the genotype of the embryos and endosperms?$100\%$ ovul...
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511
GATE2014-54
The amino acid substitution matrices in decreasing order of stringency for comparing protein sequences are PAM$250$, PAM$120$, PAM$100$ PAM$100$, PAM$120$, PAN$250$ PAM$250$, PAM$100$, PAM$120$ PAM$120$, PAM$250$, PAM$100$
The amino acid substitution matrices in decreasing order of stringency for comparing protein sequences arePAM$250$, PAM$120$, PAM$100$PAM$100$, PAM$120$, PAN$250$PAM$250$...
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512
GATE2014-55
The active site in the alpha/beta barrel structures is usually located inside the barrel at the amino side of the strands at the carboxy side of the strands at any arbitrary site
The active site in the alpha/beta barrel structures is usually locatedinside the barrelat the amino side of the strandsat the carboxy side of the strandsat any arbitrary ...
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513
GATE2013-55
What is the holding period (min) at a $K$ value of $\text{3.36min}^{-1}?$ $10.6$ $9.5$ $8.4$ $7.2$
What is the holding period (min) at a $K$ value of $\text{3.36min}^{-1}?$$10.6$$9.5$$8.4$$7.2$
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514
GATE2013-49
A solution was prepared by dissolving $\text{100 mg}$ of protein $X$ in $\text{100 ml}$ of water. Molecular weight of protein $X$ is $\text{15,000 Da};$ Avogadro’s number = $6.022\times 10^{23}$. The number of molecules present in this solution is $40.15\times10^{19}$ $6.023\times10^{19}$ $4.015\times10^{19}$ $0.08\times10^{19}$
A solution was prepared by dissolving $\text{100 mg}$ of protein $X$ in $\text{100 ml}$ of water. Molecular weight of protein $X$ is $\text{15,000 Da};$ Avogadro’s numb...
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515
GATE2013-53
A DNA fragment of $5000bp$ needs to be isolated from E.coli (genome size $4\times10^3kb$) genomic library. The number of clones to represent this fragment in genomic library with a probability of $95\%$ are $5.9\times10^3$ $4.5\times10^3$ $3.6\times10^3$ $2.4\times10^3$
A DNA fragment of $5000bp$ needs to be isolated from E.coli (genome size $4\times10^3kb$) genomic library.The number of clones to represent this fragment in genomic libra...
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516
GATE2013-54
During sterilization of a fermentation medium in a given bioreactor $\nabla_{heaing}=12.56, \nabla_{cooling}= 7.48$ and the total value of $\nabla$ required for whole sterilization process is $52$, where $\nabla$ is the design criteria. What is the value of $\nabla_{holding}$? $31.96$ $42.32$ $52.43$ $61.18$
During sterilization of a fermentation medium in a given bioreactor $\nabla_{heaing}=12.56, \nabla_{cooling}= 7.48$ and the total value of $\nabla$ required for whole ste...
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517
GATE2013-44
In a genetic study, $80$ people were found to have alleles for polydactyly. Only $36$ of them were polydactylous. What is the extent of penetrance percentage? _____________
In a genetic study, $80$ people were found to have alleles for polydactyly. Only $36$ of them were polydactylous. What is the extent of penetrance percentage? ___________...
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gate2013
numerical-answers
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518
GATE2013-45
One percent of the cars manufactured by a company are defective. What is the probability (upto four decimals) that more than two cars are defective, if $100$ cars are produced? ______________
One percent of the cars manufactured by a company are defective. What is the probability (upto four decimals) that more than two cars are defective, if $100$ cars are pro...
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519
GATE2013-34
The activity of an enzyme was measured by varying the concentration of the substrate $(S)$ in the presence of three different concentrations of inhibitor $\text{(I) 0, 2 and 4 mM.}$ The double reciprocal plot given below suggests that the inhibitor $(I)$ exhibits substrate inhibition uncompetitive inhibition mixed inhibition competitive inhibition
The activity of an enzyme was measured by varying the concentration of the substrate $(S)$ in the presence of three different concentrations of inhibitor $\text{(I) 0, 2 ...
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gate2013
enzyme-biotechnology
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520
GATE2013-36
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following $\text{Assertion (a) and Reason (r)}$. $\text{Assertion:}$ $\text{UPGMA}$ method produces ultrametric tree. $\text{Reason:}$ Sequence alignment is converted into evolutionary distances in $\text{UPGMA}$ method. Both $(a)$ and $(r)$ ... the correct reason for $(a)$ $(a)$ is true but $(r)$ is false $(a)$ is false but $(r)$ is true
Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following $\text{Assertion (a) and Reason (r)}$.$\text{Assertion:}$ $\text{UPGMA}$ method produces ultrametric tree.$\text{R...
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