Recent questions in Others / GO BioTechnology

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161

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 31
Which of the following statements are $\text{CORRECT}$ for a controller? In a proportional controller, a control action is proportional to the error In an integral controller, a control action is proportional to the derivative of the error There is no offset in the response of the ... and $\text{R}$ Only $\text{P}$ and $\text{S}$ Only $\text{Q}$ and $\text{S}$ Only

Which of the following statements are $\text{CORRECT}$ for a controller?In a proportional controller, a control action is proportional to the errorIn an integral controll...

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162

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 32
Which of the following are CORRECT about protein structure? Secondary structure is formed by a repeating pattern of interactions among the polypeptide backbone atoms Tertiary structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of the polypeptide backbone atoms only Quaternary structure refers to an assembly ... Only $\text{Q}$ and $\text{R}$ Only $\text{P, Q}$ and $\text{R}$

Which of the following are CORRECT about protein structure?Secondary structure is formed by a repeating pattern of interactions among the polypeptide backbone atomsTertia...

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163

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 33
The enzymes involved in ubiquitinylation of cell-cycle proteins are $\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E}_{2}$ Only $\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E}_{3}$ Only $\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E}_{4}$ Only $\text{E}_{1}$, $\text{E}_{2}$ and $\text{E}_{3}$

The enzymes involved in ubiquitinylation of cell-cycle proteins are$\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E}_{2}$ Only$\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E}_{3}$ Only$\text{E}_{1}$ and $\text{E...

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164

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 34
The maximum parsimony method is used to construct a phylogenetic tree for a set of sequences. Which one of the following statements about the method is $\text{CORRECT}?$ It predicts the tree that minimizes the steps required to ... observed variations It predicts the tree with the least number of branch points It employs probability calculations to identify the tree

The maximum parsimony method is used to construct a phylogenetic tree for a set of sequences. Which one of the following statements about the method is $\text{CORRECT}?$I...

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165

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 35
Which of the following spectroscopic technique(s) can be used to identify all the functional groups of an antibiotic contaminant in food? Infrared Circular dichroism Nuclear magnetic resonance UV-Visible $\text{P}$ only $\text{P}$ and $\text{R}$ only $\text{P, Q}$ and $\text{R}$ only $\text{P, Q, R}$ and $\text{S}$

Which of the following spectroscopic technique(s) can be used to identify all the functional groups of an antibiotic contaminant in food?InfraredCircular dichroismNuclear...

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166

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 36
Adenine can undergo a spontaneous change to hypoxanthine in a cell, leading to a $\text{DNA}$ base pair mismatch. The $\text{CORRECT}$ combination of enzymes that are involved in repairing this damage is Nuclease, $\text{DNA}$ ... $\text{DNA}$ polymerase, $\text{DNA}$ ligase Primase, helicase, $\text{DNA}$ polymerase

Adenine can undergo a spontaneous change to hypoxanthine in a cell, leading to a $\text{DNA}$ base pair mismatch. The $\text{CORRECT}$ combination of enzymes that are inv...

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167

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 37
Consider the ordinary differential equation $\dfrac{dy}{dx} = f(x,y) = 2x^{2} – y^{2}.$ If $y(1)=1,$ the value(s) of $y(1.5),$ using the Euler’s implicit method $\left[y_{n+1}=y_{n}+hf(x_{n+1},y_{n+1}) \right]$ with a step size of $h=0.5,$ is (are) $-1-5 \sqrt{0.3}$ $-1+5 \sqrt{0.3}$ $1+5 \sqrt{0.3}$ $1-5 \sqrt{0.3}$

Consider the ordinary differential equation $\dfrac{dy}{dx} = f(x,y) = 2x^{2} – y^{2}.$ If $y(1)=1,$ the value(s) of $y(1.5),$ using the Euler’s implicit method $\lef...

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168

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 38
Which of the following statements are $\text{CORRECT}$ for an enzyme entrapped in a spherical particle? Effectiveness factor is ratio of the reaction rate with diffusion-limitation to the reaction rate without diffusion-limitation Internal ... increases with decrease in Thiele modulus Internal diffusion-limitation can be reduced by decreasing the size of the particle

Which of the following statements are $\text{CORRECT}$ for an enzyme entrapped in a spherical particle?Effectiveness factor is ratio of the reaction rate with diffusion-l...

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169

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 39
Which of the following is(are) $\text{COMMON}$ feature(s) for both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures? Glycolysis $\text{NAD}^{+}$ is the oxidising agent Oxidative phosphorylation Two net $\text{ATP}$ molecules formed per glucose molecule

Which of the following is(are) $\text{COMMON}$ feature(s) for both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures?Glycolysis$\text{NAD}^{+}$ is the oxidising agentOxidative pho...

Lakshman Bhaiya

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170

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 40
Which of the following plot(s) is(are) $\text{CORRECT}$ for an enzyme that obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics, assuming $[S] \ll K_{m}$? $[S]$ is the concentration of the substrate, $K_{m}$ is the Michaelis constant, and $\text{v}_{o}$ is the initial reaction velocity. A. B. C. D.

Which of the following plot(s) is(are) $\text{CORRECT}$ for an enzyme that obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics, assuming $[S] \ll K_{m}$?$[S]$ is the concentration of the sub...

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171

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 41
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) CORRECT regarding the $lac$ operon in $E. coli$ when grown in the presence of glucose and lactose? At low glucose level, the operon is activated At high glucose level, the operon is ... lactose The $lac$ repressor binds to operator region inactivating the operon Binding of lactose to the $lac$ repressor induces the operon

Which of the following statement(s) is(are) CORRECT regarding the $lac$ operon in $E. coli$ when grown in the presence of glucose and lactose?At low glucose level, the op...

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172

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 42
Emerging viruses such as $\text{SARS-Co V2}$ cause epidemics. Which of the following process(es) contribute to the rise of such viruses? Mutation of existing virus Jumping of existing virus from current to new hosts Spread of virus in the new host population Replication of virus outside a host

Emerging viruses such as $\text{SARS-Co V2}$ cause epidemics. Which of the following process(es) contribute to the rise of such viruses?Mutation of existing virusJumping ...

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173

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 43
Introduction of foreign genes into plant cells can be carried out using Agrobacterium $\text{Cacl}_{2}$ mediated plasmid uptake Electroporation Gene gun

Introduction of foreign genes into plant cells can be carried out usingAgrobacterium$\text{Cacl}_{2}$ mediated plasmid uptakeElectroporationGene gun

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174

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 44
Which of the following statement(s) regarding trafficking in eukaryotic cells is(are) CORRECT? Dynamic binds $\text{GTP}$ and is involved in vesicle budding Dynamic is involved in cytoskeletal remodelling Dynamic binds $\text{ATP}$ and ... in movement of organelles along microtubules Dynamic binds $\text{GTP}$ and is involved in movement of organelles along microtubules

Which of the following statement(s) regarding trafficking in eukaryotic cells is(are) CORRECT?Dynamic binds $\text{GTP}$ and is involved in vesicle buddingDynamic is invo...

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175

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 45
Consider a random variable $X$ with mean $\mu_{x}=0.1$ and variance $\sigma_{x}^{2}=0.2.$ A new random variable $Y=2X+1$ is defined. The variance of the random variable $Y$ (rounded off to one decimal place) is __________.

Consider a random variable $X$ with mean $\mu_{x}=0.1$ and variance $\sigma_{x}^{2}=0.2.$ A new random variable $Y=2X+1$ is defined. The variance of the random variable $...

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176

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 46
For $x_{1}>0$ and $x_{2}>0,$ the value of $\displaystyle{}\lim_{x_{1} \to x_{2}}\frac{x_{1}-x_{2}}{x_{2}\ln\left(\frac{x_{1}}{x_{2}}\right)}$ is __________.

For $x_{1}>0$ and $x_{2}>0,$ the value of $\displaystyle{}\lim_{x_{1} \to x_{2}}\frac{x_{1}-x_{2}}{x_{2}\ln\left(\frac{x_{1}}{x_{2}}\right)}$ is __________.

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177

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 47
Figure below depicts simplified metabolic and transport reactions taking place in the production of $\text{B}$ from $\text{A}$ in a cell. The subscript $`i\text{'}$ refers to intracellular metabolites. $r_{j}$ is the $j^{\text{th}}$ ... $\text{B}, \; r_{4}$ is ___________$\frac{g}{(\text{g dry mass)h}}.$

Figure below depicts simplified metabolic and transport reactions taking place in the production of $\text{B}$ from $\text{A}$ in a cell. The subscript $ i\text{’}$ ref...

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178

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 48
The amount of biomass in a reactor at the end of the batch process is $50 \; \text{g}.$ Fed-batch operation is initiated by feeding the substrate solution at a constant rate of $1 \; \text{L h}^{-1}.$ The concentration of substrate in the feed is ... system is at quasi-steady state, the maximum amount of biomass after $5 \; \text{h}$ of feeding is __________ $\text{g}.$

The amount of biomass in a reactor at the end of the batch process is $50 \; \text{g}.$ Fed-batch operation is initiated by feeding the substrate solution at a constant r...

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179

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 49
An enzyme catalyzes the conversion of substrate $\text{A}$ into product $\text{B}.$ The rate equation for this reaction is $-r_{A}= \dfrac{\text{C}_{A}}{5+C_{A}} \text{mol} \; \text{L}^{-1} \text{min}^{-1}$ Substrate $\text{A}$ at an ... $\text{MFR}$ required for $50\%$ conversion of substrate to product is __________ $\text{L}.$

An enzyme catalyzes the conversion of substrate $\text{A}$ into product $\text{B}.$ The rate equation for this reaction is$-r_{A}= \dfrac{\text{C}_{A}}{5+C_{A}} \text{mol...

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180

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 50
Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient $(k_{L})$ is measured in a stirred tank vessel using steady-state method by sparging air. Oxygen uptake by the microorganism is measured. The bulk concentration of $\text{O}_{2}$ is $10^{-4} \text{mol L}^{-1}.$ ... $100\; \text{m}^{2}/\text{m}^{3},$ the value of $k_{L}$ is ___________ $\text{cm s}^{-1}.$

Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient $(k_{L})$ is measured in a stirred tank vessel using steady-state method by sparging air. Oxygen uptake by the microorganism is mea...

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181

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 51
Consider a piston-cylinder assembly shown in the figure below. The walls of the cylinder are insulated. The cylinder contains $1$ mole of an ideal gas at $300 \; \text{K}$ and the piston is held initially at the position $\text{z}_{1}$ using a stopper. ... $\text{K}.$

Consider a piston-cylinder assembly shown in the figure below. The walls of the cylinder are insulated. The cylinder contains $1$ mole of an ideal gas at $300 \; \text{K}...

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182

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 52
Consider the growth of $\textit{S. cerevisiae}$ under aerobic condition in a bioreactor and the specific growth rate of yeast is $0.5\; \text{h}^{-1}.$ ... $\text{kL mol}^{-1}\text{h}^{-1}.$

Consider the growth of $\textit{S. cerevisiae}$ under aerobic condition in a bioreactor and the specific growth rate of yeast is $0.5\; \text{h}^{-1}.$ The overall reacti...

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183

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 53
A pilot sterilization was carried out in a vessel containing $1000\; \text{m}^{3}$ medium with an initial spore concentration of $10^{8} \;\text{spores/ml.}$ The accepted level of contamination after sterilization is $1$ spore in the entire vessel. The ... cycles, the holding time at $121^{\circ}\text{C}.$ (rounded off to nearest integer) is _________ $\text{min}.$

A pilot sterilization was carried out in a vessel containing $1000\; \text{m}^{3}$ medium with an initial spore concentration of $10^{8} \;\text{spores/ml.}$ The accepted...

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184

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 54
A circular plasmid has three different but unique restriction sites for enzymes $ \text{a'}, \text{b'}$ and $ \text{c'}.$ When enzymes $ \text{a'}$ and $ \text{b'}$ are used together, two fragments of equal size ... $ \text{c'}$ and analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The number of bands observed in the gel is _________.

A circular plasmid has three different but unique restriction sites for enzymes $‘\text{a'}, ‘\text{b'}$ and $‘\text{c'}.$ When enzymes $‘\text{a'}$ and $‘\text...

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185

GATE BT 2022 | Question: 55
A bacterial strain is grown in nutrient medium at $37^{\circ}\text{C}$ under aerobic conditions. The medium is inoculated with $10^{2}$ cells from a seed culture. If the number of cells in the culture is $10^{5}$ after $10$ hours of growth, the doubling time of the strain (rounded off to nearest integer) is ___________ $\text{h}.$

A bacterial strain is grown in nutrient medium at $37^{\circ}\text{C}$ under aerobic conditions. The medium is inoculated with $10^{2}$ cells from a seed culture. If the ...

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186

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 1
Coronavirus genome consists of double-stranded $\text{DNA}$ double-stranded $\text{RNA}$ negative-sense single-stranded $\text{RNA}$ positive-sense single-stranded $\text{RNA}$

Coronavirus genome consists ofdouble-stranded $\text{DNA}$double-stranded $\text{RNA}$negative-sense single-stranded $\text{RNA}$positive-sense single-stranded $\text{RNA...

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187

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 2
The enzyme that transcribes the eukaryotic genes encoding precursor ribosomal $\text{RNAs}\; (\text{pre-RNAs}$) of $28S$, $18S$ and $5.8S$ $\text{rRNA}$s is $\text{RNA}$ polymerase $\text{I}$ $\text{RNA}$ polymerase $\text{II}$ $\text{RNA}$ polymerase $\text{III}$ $\text{RNA}$ polymerase $\text{IV}$

The enzyme that transcribes the eukaryotic genes encoding precursor ribosomal $\text{RNAs}\; (\text{pre-RNAs}$) of $28S$, $18S$ and $5.8S$ $\text{rRNA}$s is$\text{RNA}$ p...

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188

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 3
Number of unrooted trees in a phylogeny of five sequences is $3$ $15$ $105$ $945$

Number of unrooted trees in a phylogeny of five sequences is$3$$15$$105$$945$

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189

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 4
Which one of the following methods is used to test the significance of a predicted phylogeny? Bootstrap Maximum likelihood Maximum parsimony Minimum evolution

Which one of the following methods is used to test the significance of a predicted phylogeny?BootstrapMaximum likelihoodMaximum parsimonyMinimum evolution

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190

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 6
The order of genes present in a chromosome is as follows Which one of the following rearrangements represents a paracentric inversion?

The order of genes present in a chromosome is as followsWhich one of the following rearrangements represents a paracentric inversion?

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191

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 7
Which one of the following statements is $\text{INCORRECT}$ about hybridoma production? Hybridoma cella can use hypoxanthine and thymidine $\text{DNA}$ synthesis in myeloma cells is blocked by aminopterin Hybridoma cells are made to produce polyclonal antibodies Polyethylene glycol is used to fuse myeloma cells to $B$-cells

Which one of the following statements is $\text{INCORRECT}$ about hybridoma production?Hybridoma cella can use hypoxanthine and thymidine$\text{DNA}$ synthesis in myeloma...

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192

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 9
Which one of the following techniques/tools is $\text{NOT}$ used for inserting a foreign gene into a cell? $\text{DNA}$ microarray Electroporation Gene gun Microinjection

Which one of the following techniques/tools is $\text{NOT}$ used for inserting a foreign gene into a cell?$\text{DNA}$ microarrayElectroporationGene gunMicroinjection

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193

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 10
Under standard temperature $(T)$ and pressure $(P)$ conditions, $128 \: g$ of an ideal has molecule $A$ occupies a volume of $1 \: L$. The gas molecule $A$ obeys the relationship $\text{RT=0.25 PV}$. $R$ and $V$ are universal gas constant and ideal gas volume, respectively. The molecule $A$ is $\text{CO}_2$ $\text{H}_2$ $\text{N}_2$ $\text{O}_2$

Under standard temperature $(T)$ and pressure $(P)$ conditions, $128 \: g$ of an ideal has molecule $A$ occupies a volume of $1 \: L$. The gas molecule $A$ obeys the rela...

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194

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 11
$\text{CRISPR-Cas}$ system is associated with adaptive immunity in eukaryotes adaptive immunity in prokaryotes innate immunity in eukaryotes innate immunity in prokaryotes

$\text{CRISPR-Cas}$ system is associated withadaptive immunity in eukaryotesadaptive immunity in prokaryotesinnate immunity in eukaryotesinnate immunity in prokaryotes

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195

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 12
The process by which intracellular macromolecules are supplied for lysosomal degradation during nutrient starvation is apoptosis autophagy phagocytosis pinocytosis

The process by which intracellular macromolecules are supplied for lysosomal degradation during nutrient starvation isapoptosisautophagyphagocytosispinocytosis

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196

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 13
The process and instrumentation diagram for a feedback control strategy to maintain the level $(h)$ of a liquid by regulating a valve $(V)$ in a tank is shown below. $F_1$ is inlet liquid flow rate, $F_2$ is outlet liquid flow rate, $LT$ is the liquid ... pressure. The manipulating variable(s) is/are $F_1$ only $F_2$ only $h_m$ and $P_v$ only $h_{sp}$ and $P_v$ only

The process and instrumentation diagram for a feedback control strategy to maintain the level $(h)$ of a liquid by regulating a valve $(V)$ in a tank is shown below. $F_1...

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197

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 14
A protein without its prosthetic group is known as apoprotein hemoprotein holoprotein lipoprotein

A protein without its prosthetic group is known asapoproteinhemoproteinholoproteinlipoprotein

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198

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 15
The enzyme which adds phosphate group to the free $5’$ terminus of a $\text{DNA}$ sequence is adenosine kinase alkaline phosphatase polynucleotide kinase terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

The enzyme which adds phosphate group to the free $5’$ terminus of a $\text{DNA}$ sequence isadenosine kinasealkaline phosphatasepolynucleotide kinaseterminal deoxynucl...

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199

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 16
Which one of the following is $\text{CORRECT}$ about microbial growth medium? Luria-Bertani broth is a synthetic medium Nutrient broth is a defined medium Sabouraud dextrose agar is a differential medium Trypticase soy agar is a complex medium

Which one of the following is $\text{CORRECT}$ about microbial growth medium?Luria-Bertani broth is a synthetic mediumNutrient broth is a defined mediumSabouraud dextrose...

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200

GATE BT 2021 | Question: 17
The cellular process which utilizes $\text{RNA}$-induced silencing complex to block gene expression is $\text{RNA}$ editing $\text{RNA}$ interference $\text{RNA}$ polyadenylation $\text{RNA}$ splicing

The cellular process which utilizes $\text{RNA}$-induced silencing complex to block gene expression is$\text{RNA}$ editing$\text{RNA}$ interference$\text{RNA}$ polyadenyl...

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