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81
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 5
C-value paradox refers to the lack of correlation between genome size and genetic complexity of an organism the presence of genetic sequences that propagate themselves within a genome the coexistence of multiple alleles at a genetic locus the concept that two or more genes may have the same function
C-value paradox refers tothe lack of correlation between genome size and genetic complexity of an organismthe presence of genetic sequences that propagate themselves with...
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82
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 6
Which one of the following drugs is NOT an immune checkpoint inhibitor? Ipilimumab Pembrolizumab Nivolumab Trastuzumab
Which one of the following drugs is NOT an immune checkpoint inhibitor?IpilimumabPembrolizumabNivolumabTrastuzumab
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83
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 7
Dendritic cells are involved in cross-presentation of antigens. Which of the following protein(s) is(are) required for cross-presentation? P. Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor $3$ (BATF3) Q. Membrane associated ring-CH-type finger $1$ (MARCH-1) R. Solute carrier ... $\mathrm{R}$ only $\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Q}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ only $\text{S}$ only
Dendritic cells are involved in cross-presentation of antigens. Which of the following protein(s) is(are) required for cross-presentation?P. Basic leucine zipper ATF-like...
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84
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 8
Which one of the following is required for the development of B-cells in the bone marrow? Stromal cells Dendritic cells Kupffer cells NK cells
Which one of the following is required for the development of B-cells in the bone marrow?Stromal cellsDendritic cellsKupffer cellsNK cells
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85
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 9
Which one of the following statements is TRUE about leghemoglobin? It binds oxygen to protect nitrogenase It binds hemoglobin to protect oxygenase It binds oxygen to protect hydrogenase It binds oxygen to protect oxygenase
Which one of the following statements is TRUE about leghemoglobin?It binds oxygen to protect nitrogenaseIt binds hemoglobin to protect oxygenaseIt binds oxygen to protect...
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86
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 10
The correct sequence of events during bacteriophage infection of a bacterial cell is landing $\rightarrow$ attachment $\rightarrow$ tail contraction $\rightarrow$ penetration and unplugging $\rightarrow$ DNA ejection attachment $\rightarrow$ ... $\rightarrow$ tail contraction $\rightarrow$ landing $\rightarrow$ penetration and unplugging $\rightarrow$ DNA ejection
The correct sequence of events during bacteriophage infection of a bacterial cell islanding $\rightarrow$ attachment $\rightarrow$ tail contraction $\rightarrow$ penetrat...
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87
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 11
Intracellular proteins are targeted for proteolytic degradation in proteasomes upon conjugation with ubiquitin integrin peptidase calreticulin
Intracellular proteins are targeted for proteolytic degradation in proteasomes upon conjugation with ubiquitinintegrinpeptidasecalreticulin
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88
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 12
In ELISA, which of the following enzymes are conjugated to antibodies for detection of the analyte? P. Alkaline phosphatase Q. Trypsinase R. Horseradish peroxidase S. Amylase $\mathrm{P}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ $\text{P}$ and $\text{Q}$ $\text{Q}$ and $\text{S}$ $\mathrm{R}$ and $\mathrm{S}$
In ELISA, which of the following enzymes are conjugated to antibodies for detection of the analyte?P. Alkaline phosphataseQ. TrypsinaseR. Horseradish peroxidaseS. Amylase...
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89
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 13
In hybridoma technology, which one of the following enzymes is absent in the myeloma cells that are used for monoclonal antibody production? Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase Alanine aminotransferase Triose phosphate isomerase Glycosyltransferase
In hybridoma technology, which one of the following enzymes is absent in the myeloma cells that are used for monoclonal antibody production?Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphori...
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90
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 14
Which of the following methods are used for detection of DNA and RNA, respectively? Southern and Northern blotting Southern and Western blotting Northern and Southern blotting Northern and Western blotting
Which of the following methods are used for detection of DNA and RNA, respectively?Southern and Northern blotting Southern and Western blottingNorthern and Southern blott...
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91
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 15
Match the types of RNA in Group I with their corresponding function in Group II. Group I Group II P. mRNA 1. Serves as adaptors between mRNA and amino acids during protein synthesis Q. rRNA 2. Regulates post-transcriptional gene expression R. miRNA 3. Codes for proteins S. tRNA 4. Forms the core of the ... $\text{P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1}$ $\text{P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3}$
Match the types of RNA in Group I with their corresponding function in Group II.Group IGroup IIP. mRNA1. Serves as adaptors between mRNA and amino acids during protein sy...
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92
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 16
Which one of the following programs is used for finding distantly related (or remote) protein homologs? BLASTN BLASTX PSI-BLAST TBLASTX
Which one of the following programs is used for finding distantly related (or remote) protein homologs?BLASTNBLASTXPSI-BLASTTBLASTX
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93
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 17
Which one of the following is used for global alignment of two protein sequences? Chou-Fasman method Garnier-Osguthorpe-Robson (GOR) method Needleman-Wunsch algorithm Smith-Waterman algorithm
Which one of the following is used for global alignment of two protein sequences?Chou-Fasman methodGarnier-Osguthorpe-Robson (GOR) methodNeedleman-Wunsch algorithmSmith-W...
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94
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 18
Which one of the following methods CANNOT be used to determine the secondary structure content of a protein? Circular dichroism spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Mass spectrometry X-ray crystallography
Which one of the following methods CANNOT be used to determine the secondary structure content of a protein?Circular dichroism spectroscopyFourier transform infrared spec...
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95
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 19
Which one of the following plant growth regulators facilitates adventitious root formation? Auxin Zeatin Dihydrozeatin Kinetin
Which one of the following plant growth regulators facilitates adventitious root formation?AuxinZeatin DihydrozeatinKinetin
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96
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 20
Fabry disease in humans is a X-linked disease. The probability (in percentage) for a phenotypically normal father and a carrier mother to have a son with Fabry disease is _________.
Fabry disease in humans is a X-linked disease. The probability (in percentage) for a phenotypically normal father and a carrier mother to have a son with Fabry disease is...
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97
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 21
The value of $\lim _{x \rightarrow 0}\left[\frac{\cos 2 x-\cos 4 x}{x^{2}}\right]$ is ___________.
The value of $\lim _{x \rightarrow 0}\left[\frac{\cos 2 x-\cos 4 x}{x^{2}}\right]$ is ___________.
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98
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 22
A series $(\mathrm{S})$ is given as $\mathrm{S}=1+3+5+7+9+\ldots \ldots$ The sum of the first $50$ terms of $\mathrm{S}$ is __________.
A series $(\mathrm{S})$ is given as $\mathrm{S}=1+3+5+7+9+\ldots \ldots$The sum of the first $50$ terms of $\mathrm{S}$ is __________.
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99
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 23
Two fair six-sided dice are thrown. The probability of getting $12$ as the product of the numbers on the dice (rounded off to two decimal places) is __________.
Two fair six-sided dice are thrown. The probability of getting $12$ as the product of the numbers on the dice (rounded off to two decimal places) is __________.
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100
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 24
If $7^{3 x}=216$, the value of $7^{-x}$ (rounded off to three decimal places) is _____________.
If $7^{3 x}=216$, the value of $7^{-x}$ (rounded off to three decimal places) is _____________.
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101
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 25
The distance between the two points of intersection of $x^{2}+y=7$ and $x+y=7$ (rounded off to two decimal places) is ___________.
The distance between the two points of intersection of $x^{2}+y=7$ and $x+y=7$ (rounded off to two decimal places) is ___________.
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102
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 26
Match the immune tolerance mechanisms in Group I with their respective outcomes in Group II. Group I Group II P. Anergy 1. Elimination of activated T-cells after antigen clearance Q. Activation-induced cell death 2. Inhibition of auto-reactive T-cells at periphery R. Receptor editing 3. Unresponsiveness to ... $\text{P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1}$ $\text{P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-1}$
Match the immune tolerance mechanisms in Group I with their respective outcomes in Group II.Group IGroup IIP. Anergy1. Elimination of activated T-cells after antigen clea...
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103
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 27
Match the type of bacteria in Group I with their respective growth properties in Group II. Group I Group II P. Halophile 1. Grows optimally between $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and $45^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ Q. Piezophile 2. Grows best at low water activity R. Mesophile 3. Grows at high level of salt S. ... $\text{P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4}$ $\text{P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2}$
Match the type of bacteria in Group I with their respective growth properties in Group II.Group IGroup IIP. Halophile1. Grows optimally between $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ an...
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104
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 28
Match the virus in Group I with the type of genome it contains in Group II. Group I Group II P. T4 bacteriophage 1. dsRNA Q. SARS-CoV-2 2. ssDNA R. Pseudomonas phage $\phi 6$ 3. dsDNA S. $\phi X 174$ bacteriophage 4. ssRNA $\text{P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2}$ $\text{P-2, Q-1, R-4, S-3}$ $\text{P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1}$ $\text{P-1, Q-4, R-2, S-3}$
Match the virus in Group I with the type of genome it contains in Group II.Group IGroup IIP. T4 bacteriophage1. dsRNAQ. SARS-CoV-22. ssDNAR. Pseudomonas phage $\phi 6$3. ...
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105
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 29
The event(s) that lead(s) to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in cancer cells is(are) gene amplification promoter methylation loss of heterozygosity histone acetylation
The event(s) that lead(s) to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in cancer cells is(are)gene amplificationpromoter methylationloss of heterozygosityhistone acetylation...
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106
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 30
Methylation of $\mathrm{CpG}$ islands near the promoter of a gene can inhibit transcription by preventing RNA polymerase binding facilitating repressor binding facilitating heterochromatin formation inducing euchromatin formation
Methylation of $\mathrm{CpG}$ islands near the promoter of a gene can inhibit transcription bypreventing RNA polymerase bindingfacilitating repressor bindingfacilitating ...
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107
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 31
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE about induced pluripotent stem cells? They can self-renew They require specific signals to maintain their stemness They cannot be genetically manipulated They can form organoids in vitro
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE about induced pluripotent stem cells?They can self-renewThey require specific signals to maintain their stemnessThey cann...
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108
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 32
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE about fluoroquinolone drugs? They contain quinolone ring(s) They inhibit RNA polymerase They bind to bacterial topoisomerase They bind to $23 S$ rRNA within the $50 \mathrm{~S}$ ribosome subunit
Which of the following statement(s) is(are) TRUE about fluoroquinolone drugs?They contain quinolone ring(s)They inhibit RNA polymeraseThey bind to bacterial topoisomerase...
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109
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 33
Which of the following is(are) plant protoplast fusogenic agent(s)? Sodium nitrate Polyvinyl alcohol Polyethylene glycol Bromoxynil
Which of the following is(are) plant protoplast fusogenic agent(s)?Sodium nitratePolyvinyl alcoholPolyethylene glycolBromoxynil
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110
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 34
Direct DNA transfer method(s) used for plant genetic engineering is(are) microparticle bombardment electroporation polyethylene glycol treatment Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
Direct DNA transfer method(s) used for plant genetic engineering is(are)microparticle bombardmentelectroporationpolyethylene glycol treatmentAgrobacterium-mediated transf...
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111
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 35
Which of the following vector(s) is(are) used to clone a DNA fragment of size $220 \mathrm{~kb}$? Bacterial artificial chromosome Yeast artificial chromosome Cosmids $\text{pUC19}$ plasmid
Which of the following vector(s) is(are) used to clone a DNA fragment of size $220 \mathrm{~kb}$?Bacterial artificial chromosomeYeast artificial chromosomeCosmids$\text{p...
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112
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 36
The following reaction represents biomass synthesis from hexadecane ... represents the biomass. The value of respiratory quotient (rounded off to two decimal places) is ___________.
The following reaction represents biomass synthesis from hexadecane$\mathrm{C}_{16} \mathrm{H}_{34}+12.5 \mathrm{O}_2+2.13 \mathrm{NH}_3 \rightarrow 10.6 \mathrm{CH}_{1.6...
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113
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 37
Temperature of a reaction with an activation energy value of $15 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ is increased from $300 \mathrm{~K}$ to $310 \mathrm{~K}$. If the value of the ideal gas constant $(\mathrm{R})$ ... $\left(k_{310} / k_{300}\right)$(rounded off to two decimal places) is _____________.
Temperature of a reaction with an activation energy value of $15 \mathrm{kcal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ is increased from $300 \mathrm{~K}$ to $310 \mathrm{~K}$. If the value o...
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GATE BT 2023 | Question: 38
E. coli is cultivated in a chemostat operated at a dilution rate of $0.2 h^{-1}$. The values of biomass yield due to oxygen consumption and the steady state biomass concentration are $0.2 g \cdot g^{-1}$ and $10 g \cdot L^{-1}$, respectively. The oxygen transfer rate (in $g \cdot L^{-1} \cdot h^{-1}$) is ______________.
E. coli is cultivated in a chemostat operated at a dilution rate of $0.2 h^{-1}$. The values of biomass yield due to oxygen consumption and the steady state biomass conce...
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115
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 39
Aqueous two-phase extraction is used to recover } \alpha \text {-amylase from a solution. A polypropylene glycol-dextran mixture is added and the solution separates into upper and lower phases. The partition coefficient is $4.0$ and the ratio of upper ... volume is $5.0$. The enzyme recovery or yield (in percentage, rounded off to the nearest integer) is ______________.
Aqueous two-phase extraction is used to recover } \alpha \text {-amylase from a solution. A polypropylene glycol-dextran mixture is added and the solution separates into ...
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116
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 40
E. coli cultivated at $298 \mathrm{~K}$ uptakes an uncharged compound (A) by passive diffusion. The intracellular and extracellular concentrations of $\mathrm{A}$ are $0.001 \mathrm{M}$ and $0.1 \mathrm{M}$, respectively. If the value of the ... $\mathrm{A}$ (rounded off to two decimal places) is ______________.
E. coli cultivated at $298 \mathrm{~K}$ uptakes an uncharged compound (A) by passive diffusion. The intracellular and extracellular concentrations of $\mathrm{A}$ are $0...
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117
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 41
If there are three unrooted trees for four protein sequences, the number of rooted trees for the same number of sequences is _______________.
If there are three unrooted trees for four protein sequences, the number of rooted trees for the same number of sequences is _______________.
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118
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 42
The number of different possible ways of forming five intramolecular disulfide bonds with ten cysteine residues of a protein is ______________.
The number of different possible ways of forming five intramolecular disulfide bonds with ten cysteine residues of a protein is ______________.
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GATE BT 2023 | Question: 43
The following schematic diagram shows a chemostat with cell recycle where $\mathrm{F}_0$ and $\mathrm{F}_{\mathrm{r}}$ are the volumetric flow rates (in $L \cdot h^{-1}$ ) of feed and recycle streams, respectively. $\mathrm{X}_1, \mathrm{X}_0$ ... $\mathrm{X}$ (in $g \cdot L^{-1}$, rounded off to one decimal place) is ________________.
The following schematic diagram shows a chemostat with cell recyclewhere $\mathrm{F}_0$ and $\mathrm{F}_{\mathrm{r}}$ are the volumetric flow rates (in $L \cdot h^{-1}$ )...
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120
GATE BT 2023 | Question: 44
An enzyme (E) catalyzes the biochemical reaction $A \rightarrow B$ with $k_{c a t}$ equal to $500 s^{-1}$. If the initial reaction velocity $\left(V_{0}\right)$ is $10 \mu M . s^{-1}$ at the total enzyme concentration $\left[E_{t}\right]$ of $30 n M$ and substrate concentration $[\mathrm{A}]$ of $40 \mu M$, the value of $K_{m}($ in $\mu M)$ is ______________.
An enzyme (E) catalyzes the biochemical reaction $A \rightarrow B$ with $k_{c a t}$ equal to $500 s^{-1}$. If the initial reaction velocity $\left(V_{0}\right)$ is $10 \m...
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